The hybrid and vehicle systems team works with its industry partners in the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership and the 21st Century Truck Partnership to identify and select the appropriate research and development objectives. Projects are conducted through a variety of mechanisms including: cooperative agreements, cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs), university grants, subcontracts, and in-house research funded at DOE's national laboratories. Research partners include: vehicle and engine manufacturers, universities, material suppliers, nonprofit technology organizations, and the national laboratories.